diff --git a/src/quic/session.cc b/src/quic/session.cc
index ba672a3bee48..515253abd07f 100644
--- a/src/quic/session.cc
+++ b/src/quic/session.cc
@@ -3831,10 +3831,12 @@ void Session::GenerateNewConnectionId(ngtcp2_cid* cid,
   DCHECK(!is_destroyed());
   CID cid_ = impl_->config_.options.cid_factory->GenerateInto(cid, len);
   Debug(this, "Generated new connection id %s", cid_);
-  StatelessResetToken new_token(
-      token, endpoint().options().reset_token_secret, cid_);
+  // Fills in the token sent to the peer in the NEW_CONNECTION_ID frame. It is
+  // intentionally not associated with this session: the endpoint's token map
+  // holds only tokens issued by the peer, and nothing would remove a locally
+  // issued token from it when this session is destroyed.
+  StatelessResetToken(token, endpoint().options().reset_token_secret, cid_);
   endpoint().AssociateCID(cid_, impl_->config_.scid);
-  endpoint().AssociateStatelessResetToken(new_token, this);
 }
 
 bool Session::HandshakeCompleted() {
diff --git a/src/quic/transportparams.cc b/src/quic/transportparams.cc
index 45e6abc31098..63a25df2c6a8 100644
--- a/src/quic/transportparams.cc
+++ b/src/quic/transportparams.cc
@@ -327,12 +327,11 @@ void TransportParams::GeneratePreferredAddressToken(Session* session) {
   if (params_.preferred_addr_present) {
     config.preferred_address_cid = session->new_cid();
     params_.preferred_addr.cid = config.preferred_address_cid;
-    auto& endpoint = session->endpoint();
-    endpoint.AssociateStatelessResetToken(
-        endpoint.GenerateNewStatelessResetToken(
-            params_.preferred_addr.stateless_reset_token,
-            config.preferred_address_cid),
-        session);
+    // As with NEW_CONNECTION_ID, the locally issued token is only sent to the
+    // peer and is not added to the token map of reset tokens from the peer.
+    session->endpoint().GenerateNewStatelessResetToken(
+        params_.preferred_addr.stateless_reset_token,
+        config.preferred_address_cid);
     // Register the preferred address CID with SessionManager for
     // cross-endpoint routing. This is a locally-generated CID that needs
     // to be routable from the preferred address endpoint (which may be
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-quic-stateless-reset-local-token.mjs b/test/parallel/test-quic-stateless-reset-local-token.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..848ee3835612
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/parallel/test-quic-stateless-reset-local-token.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+// Flags: --experimental-quic --experimental-stream-iter --no-warnings
+
+// Test: locally issued stateless reset tokens are not treated as
+// tokens received from the peer.
+// The server hands out stateless reset tokens in NEW_CONNECTION_ID
+// frames. Those tokens identify the server to its peer; they must not
+// be looked up as reset tokens on incoming packets. Otherwise they
+// outlive the server session, and a packet for an unknown connection
+// ID that ends in one is dispatched to the destroyed session instead
+// of being answered with a stateless reset.
+
+import { hasQuic, skip, mustCall, mustNotCall } from '../common/index.mjs';
+import assert from 'node:assert';
+import { createSocket } from 'node:dgram';
+import { Buffer } from 'node:buffer';
+import { hkdfSync, randomBytes } from 'node:crypto';
+import { dump } from 'node:stream/iter';
+
+if (!hasQuic) {
+  skip('QUIC is not enabled');
+}
+
+const { listen, connect } = await import('../common/quic.mjs');
+const { bytes } = await import('stream/iter');
+
+const encoder = new TextEncoder();
+const resetTokenSecret = randomBytes(16);
+const qlogChunks = [];
+const serverQlogDone = Promise.withResolvers();
+const serverExchanged = Promise.withResolvers();
+
+const serverEndpoint = await listen(mustCall((serverSession) => {
+  serverSession.onstream = mustCall(async (stream) => {
+    const data = await bytes(stream);
+    assert.ok(data.byteLength > 0);
+    stream.writer.endSync();
+    await stream.closed;
+    serverExchanged.resolve(serverSession);
+  });
+}), {
+  endpoint: { resetTokenSecret },
+  qlog: true,
+  onqlog(data, fin) {
+    qlogChunks.push(data);
+    if (fin) serverQlogDone.resolve();
+  },
+  onerror: mustNotCall(),
+});
+
+const clientSession = await connect(serverEndpoint.address, {
+  reuseEndpoint: false,
+});
+await clientSession.opened;
+
+// A complete exchange, so the server has issued its NEW_CONNECTION_ID
+// frames by the time the sessions are torn down.
+const stream = await clientSession.createBidirectionalStream({
+  body: encoder.encode('hello'),
+});
+await dump(stream);
+await stream.closed;
+
+const serverSession = await serverExchanged.promise;
+clientSession.destroy();
+serverSession.destroy();
+await serverQlogDone.promise;
+
+// Collect the stateless reset tokens the server sent to its peer.
+const tokens = [];
+const records = qlogChunks.join('').split('\x1e')
+  .filter((s) => s.trim().length > 0)
+  .map((s) => JSON.parse(s));
+for (const { name, data } of records) {
+  if (!name?.endsWith('packet_sent')) continue;
+  for (const frame of data?.frames ?? []) {
+    if (frame.frame_type === 'new_connection_id') {
+      tokens.push(Buffer.from(frame.stateless_reset_token.data, 'hex'));
+    }
+  }
+}
+assert.ok(tokens.length > 0, 'Server should have issued NEW_CONNECTION_ID');
+
+// A short header packet for an unknown connection ID, ending in `tail`.
+// A stateless reset sent in reply ends in the token the endpoint derives
+// from the packet's destination connection ID (the 20 bytes after the
+// first byte, as the endpoint parses short headers), which tells the
+// replies apart.
+function shortHeaderPacket(tail) {
+  const packet = randomBytes(64);
+  packet[0] = 0x40;  // Short header, fixed bit set.
+  tail.copy(packet, packet.length - tail.length);
+  const dcid = packet.subarray(1, 21);
+  const replyToken = Buffer.from(
+    hkdfSync('sha256', resetTokenSecret, dcid, 'stateless_reset', 16));
+  return { packet, replyToken };
+}
+
+const localToken = shortHeaderPacket(tokens[0]);
+const control = shortHeaderPacket(randomBytes(16));
+
+const { address, family, port } = serverEndpoint.address;
+const socket = createSocket(family === 'ipv6' ? 'udp6' : 'udp4');
+const replies = [];
+const controlAnswered = Promise.withResolvers();
+socket.on('message', (msg) => {
+  const token = msg.subarray(msg.length - 16);
+  replies.push(token);
+  if (token.equals(control.replyToken)) controlAnswered.resolve();
+});
+
+// Both packets go out on one socket, so the server receives and answers
+// them in order: by the time the control packet is answered, the reply
+// to the packet ending in a locally issued token has arrived as well.
+socket.send(localToken.packet, port, address);
+socket.send(control.packet, port, address);
+await controlAnswered.promise;
+
+assert.ok(replies.some((token) => token.equals(localToken.replyToken)),
+          'Packet ending in a local token should get a stateless reset');
+
+socket.close();
+await serverEndpoint.close();